Improvement in rotary fluid-motors



2 Sheets-Sheeti H. Q. HAWLEY& E. ANTHONY.

Rotary Fluid-Motors.

No. 129,953. ParentedJulyao, 137m lWITNESSE& INVENTOR.

l 2Sheets-Sheet2. H. Q. HAWLEY & E; ANTHONY.

Rotary Fluid-Motors.

No.129,953 Patentedlulyao, 1872.

INVENTOR.

UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

` HENRY HAWLEY AND EDMOND ANTHONY, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK;

- ,SAID ANTHONY ASSIGNOR TO SAID HAWLEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN ROTARY FLUID-MOTORS.

specificati@ forming part 0f Letters Patent No. 129,953, dated July 3o,1872.

Specification describing certain Improvements in Water-Motors, inventedby HENRY Q.

HAWLEY and EDMOND ANTHONY, of `Al galli, county of Alba-ny and State ofNew To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY Q. HAWLEY and EDMOND ANTHONY, both of thecity of Albany, in the county of Albanyr and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Fluid-Motors,which we think contain the great advantages of the rotary principlewithout being materially liablc to the defects hitherto found to attendits practical loperatiom'whether said motors are used as power-enginesor for purposes of measurement; 'and that the following, taken inconnection with .the drawing, is a full, clear,`

and exact'description thereof.

In the drawing, the machine being placed sothat'its outlet is over itsinlet, Figure 1 is anelevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection of the same throughthe lines m m in Figs. 3 and 3a. Fig. 3 is avertical sec- 'tion of the same through the lower wheel W, viz., the onenext the stufIing-box. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the same throughthe upper wheel W. Fig. 4 `is an interior view of theends of themachine, showing the groove G. f Fig. 5 Ais an end view of the wheels Wand W. Fig. 6 is a view of the curved piston l?.

In the above drawing, A is a case, circular in form, or nearly so, anddivided into two chambers, B and B,Fi`gs. 3 and 32, by a partition, H,through which the shaft at' passes. This shaft has its bearings in thcend ot' the case A, and attached to itare two slotted wheels, W and W',placed in said case, (one oneach side offthe partition H,)so that theslots of one are midway between the slots of the other, and "so thattheymay revolve ecceny trically'to said case in such manner that theirperipheries touchor nearly touch the sameA at some pointbetween itsinlet and outlet passages I and O, and being of such length that their.ends revolve against or very near the ends 'of the case `A and thesidesof the partition H. In'these ends of said case- (see Fig.

l. 4) are grooves G, slightlyeccentric to the said casein the drawing,but not always necessarily so; and, if desired, like grooves can be madein the partition H to correspond in position and action with those inthe ends of the case A. S S are curved chambers in the wheels Wand W',extending entirely across their face, and at least of a depth equal tothe length or' the pistons intended toV slide in them. P P, Fig. 3, areloose curved slides or pistons, formed to it the aforesaid chambers Si,and having pins 1J on oncor both sides arranged to fit the groove G forthe purpose of keeping their outer ends near the periphery ofthe case Awhile they are revolving Within it with the wheels W and W; and,therefore, when the said wheels so revolve, the sides of their chambersS must move in and out against the sides of the pistons P, whereby thelatter are only exposed to the pressure of the actuating-duid whileprojecting beyond the periphery -of the `aforesaid wheels, and, fromtheir not so projecting on the side of said wheels where they touch theside ofthe case, cannot interfere with their action -at that point.Instead of using grooves and pins for guiding the pistons P, as abovedescribed, cams properly placed on the ends of the case A can, ofcourse, be used for that purpose; but such construction is greatlyinferior to the grooves and pin because it requires the inner cylinderto be hollow, and therefore there must be great leakage. K, Fig. 2, isan extension of the bearing for the shaft a: where it passes through thecase A, and it has a shoulder turned around its end so that the recessin the pulley b may t around it. a is a chamber extending a little belowthe shaft and C is a screw fitted to it, so thatwhen said chamber isfilled with grease andthe screw C is turned downward the grease isforced` around theshaft w and between it, the bearing K, and the pulleyb, and thus the arrangement becomes an eiective anti-friction stufugboxand lubricator at the same time, the pulley b being attached to theshaft in such manner as to make a close joint with it. The dotted linest t" and o'ro indicate passages or grooves on the inner periphery of thecase A, upon its inlet and outlet sides, to regulate the action of theclosed chamber between theV pistons P in taking and discharging theiuidpassing through the machine; and they are so located that when onepiston closes the groove z' on the inlet side the piston next before itopens the groove o on the outlet side. This arrangement in rotaryfluid-motors having an inner cylinder eccentric to an outer, althoughnot a necessary condition when they are used for steam, is of greatimportance when they are used for liquids, as without it no such machinecan be fitted with sufficient accuracy to permit its use when theprevention of waste is important, as in water-meters, or water-motorsfor actuating sewing-machines, &c. t t t, Fig. 5, is a recess around theshaft in the ends of the wheels W and W to make a communication betweenthe inner ends of the chambers S'in order to permit the fluid to dowfrom one to the other easily, as they are enlarged or decreased in sizeby the action of the machine. If desired, these chambers can be cased toprovide for wear, and, where pressure is required back of the pistonsI?, can be connected, by a small passage-way, with the ease A to permitthe actuating-fluid to enter; or springs can be placed in them below thesaid pistons for the saine purpose. The inlet I and the outlet Ocommunicate, of course, with both sides of the partition H, as also dothe passages t' 'i' and o o. One end of the case also is a separatepiece, connected with it by the joint n c.

The machine being constructed as above described, its operation is asfollows: The fluid, entering at I, presses against the piston P andthereby causes them and the wheels W and NV', .with which they areconnected, to revolve together within the case A in such manner that thesaid pistons are exposed to the action of the said fluid whiletraversing the space between the said wheels and case left for itspassage, and are not so exposed where said wheels and case are incontact; and inasmuch as one of the said pistons must always betraversing the section of the above space between the passages i and o',where it forms a tight partition between the fluid entering and thatleaving the machine, it is evident that a fixed quantity of said uidmust pass through said machine at each revolution of the wheels W andW', whether they revolve fast or slow, and, therefore, that it can beused as a meter as well as motor, or for both uses combined. It is alsoevident that the number of pistons used is not confined to three, butthat any number more than one can be used, provided the passages t' t"and o o are arranged to regulate their action, as above described, andthat friction-rollers can be used on their pins. It is also evidentthat, if it is desired to provide against future leakage between thecase and wheel where th ey come together, it can be done by letting intothe said case at that point a separate piece the width of the saidwheel, and kept pressed against it by a spring or other pressure behindit, and that, although our aforesaid improvements are intended to avoidthe necessity of using packings when the use to which the machine is tobe put will not admit of friction, they can, of course, be used, ifdesired, in other cases.

Having now fully explained the nature and operation of our improvementsin rotary fluidmotors, we would here state that we do not claimconstructing machines of that character by placing within a circularcase and eccentric to the same an inner hollow cylinder with slots cutin, or hollow chambers attached to, its periphery, in which said slotsor chambers are placed separate pistons, arranged to be held against theperiphery of the said outer case while revolving within it, whereby theycompel the said inner cylinder, in which they slide alternately, toexpose them to and withdraw them from the pressure of the liuidactuating the machine, because we are aware that such machines, whenlimited to the above construction, are not new.

Our improvements remove to a sufficient extent, if not entirely, theobjections which have hitherto prevented their extended use 5 and weclaim these advantages especially for our said .improvements when theyare used in rotary water-meters and in rotary waterrmotors of smallpower, to the successful use of which absence of material friction andthe prevention of waste are necessary conditions; and, therefore,

We claim, in rotary fluid-motors of the aforesaid construction- 1. Thetwo or more wheels or cylinders revolving in and eccentric to an'outercase, circular in form, or nearly so, and provided with partitions toseparate the said wheels or cylinders from each other, the same beingconstructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose above setforth.

2. In combination with the foregoing, the curved loose pistons,constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose above setforth.

3. In combination with the subject of the first claim, the extendedinlet and outlet passages i t" and o o, as indicated by dotted lines inFig. 3, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purposeabove set forth.

4. The pistons P and the extended inlet and outlet passages z' t" and oo, in combination with the case A, the wheel W, and the pin p and grooveGr, the whole constructed and operating substantially as and for thepurpose above set forth. y

5. The passage t t t, connecting the pistonchambers in the wheel W,constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose above setforth.

6. The combined stuffing-box and lubrieator, constructed and operatingsubstantially as and for the purpose above set forth.

HENRY Q. HAWLEY.

EDMOND ANTHONY.

Witnesses:

FRANKLIN AMsDEN, TEN EYcK F, MosHER.

